Cloud-Init for VMs in private and public Clouds

Initialize VMs in a vSphere private Cloud using Cloud-Init

Cloud-Init Datasource for VMware GuestInfo is deprecated

The Web is full of explanations, how to use „Cloud-Init Datasource for VMware GuestInfo“ but https://github.com/vmware-archive/cloud-init-vmware-guestinfo it is deprecated.

It is now integrated natively into Cloud-Init

Cloud-Init 21.3 has been released https://discourse.ubuntu.com/t/release-of-cloud-init-21-3/23857 which integrates this software.

New name:

I’d expect it to be in the current Ubuntu 21.10 (Impish Indri) https://cloud-images.ubuntu.com/impish/current/ – the release notes for 21.10 don’t specify the exact version.

Ubuntu 20.04 (Focal Fossa) is still at cloud-init 20.1-10 according to https://wiki.ubuntu.com/FocalFossa/ReleaseNotes which is too old.

Prepare a VM-Template

Unfortunately Ubuntu provides the „cloud“-images in OVA-Format.

Create VM-Template from OVA

Deploy

  • impish-server-cloudimg-amd64.ova

as

  • VM
  • keep all settings set to default

Customize VM

  • disable (or remove) the „Serial“-port
  • disable vApp-Properties
    • those would break the cloud-init process later on
    • VM=>Configure
    • Settings=>vApp-Options
    • disable [ ] vApp-Properties

Convert to Template

  • VM-Template „ubuntu-impish-21.10-cloudimg“.

Clone a VM from this VM-Template

This shouldn’t be done manually, I’d suggest using terraform

Verify that Cloud-Init 21.3 is available and the „VMware“-Datasource is included

Cloud-Init Version

Release 21.3 is available:

ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ cloud-init --version
/usr/bin/cloud-init 21.3-1-g6803368d-0ubuntu3

Check the Cloud-Init Datasource

Datasource „vmware“ is included:

ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ cloud-id
vmware

Azure AZ-303 – Skills Outline

I’ve been wondering about the differences between the (free) Microsoft-Azure Online-Training and the (paid) AZ-303 Instructor-Led Training. After having a quick look at the „AZ-303 Exam Skills Outline“ there seems to be an 1:1-Mapping between „Exam Skills Outline“ and the instructor led training.

Exam Skills Outline

According to https://query.prod.cms.rt.microsoft.com/cms/api/am/binary/RE4psD6 the exam is made up from 15 modules:

The changes to the schedule starting at 25th of May 2021 are of cosmetic nature, Microsoft fixed some typos and removed some minor AAD-sub-topics…

1) Implement and Monitor an Azure Infrastructure (50-55%)
1.1) Cloud infrastructure monitoring
1.2) Storage accounts
1.3) VMs for Windows and Linux
1.4) Automate deployment and configuration of resources
1.5) Virtual networking
1.6) Azure Active Directory
1.7) Implement and manage hybrid identities (~Azure AD Connect)

2) Implement Management and Security Solutions (25-30%)
2.1) Manage workloads in Azure
2.2) Load balancing and network security
2.3) Implement and manage Azure governance solutions
2.4) Manage security for applications

3) Implement Solutions for Apps (10-15%)
3.1) Implement an application infrastructure
3.2) Container-based applications

4) Implement and Manage Data Platforms (10-15%)
4.1) Implement NoSQL databases
4.2) Implement Azure SQL databases

AZ303 Instructor-Led Training

The official Microsoft Instructor-Led Training for AZ303 is made up of 15 Modules:

  • there is an 1:1 mapping – but the order of modules has been „shuffled“
  1. Azure Active Directory => 1.6
  2. Hybrid Identities => 1.7
  3. Networking => 1.5
  4. VMs => 1.3
  5. Load Balancing and Network Security => 2.2
  6. Storage Accounts => 1.2
  7. NoSQL Databases => 4.1
  8. Azure SQL Databases => 4.2
  9. Automate Deployment and Configuration of Resources => 1.4
  10. Azure Governance Solutions => 2.3
  11. Security for Applications => 2.4
  12. Manage Workloads in Azure => 2.1
  13. Container-Based Applications => 3.2
  14. Implement an Application Infrastructure => 3.1
  15. Cloud Infrastructure Monitoring => 1.1

Let’s go

It should be possible to repeat a 5day class within 28 days

AZ-303 Schedule

Azure Regions on Request

According to https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/best-practices-availability-paired-regions there is a Regional-Pair to „Germany West Central“ called „Germany North“ which is missing at https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/global-infrastructure/geographies since access is restricted to support specific customer scenarios, for example in-country disaster recovery. These regions are available only upon request by creating a new support request in the Azure portal

Germany North could be found in the list (https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/global-infrastructure/geographies/#new-regions) so it might be coming soon for general availability.

List available Azure-Locations

C:\RH> az account list-locations --query "[].{name:name}" -o table
Name
-------------------
eastus
eastus2
southcentralus
westus2
australiaeast
southeastasia
northeurope
uksouth
westeurope
centralus
northcentralus
westus
southafricanorth
centralindia
eastasia
japaneast
jioindiawest
koreacentral
canadacentral
francecentral
germanywestcentral
norwayeast
switzerlandnorth
uaenorth
brazilsouth
centralusstage
eastusstage
eastus2stage
northcentralusstage
southcentralusstage
westusstage
westus2stage
asia
asiapacific
australia
brazil
canada
europe
global
india
japan
uk
unitedstates
eastasiastage
southeastasiastage
centraluseuap
eastus2euap
westcentralus
westus3
southafricawest
australiacentral
australiacentral2
australiasoutheast
japanwest
koreasouth
southindia
westindia
canadaeast
francesouth
germanynorth
norwaywest
switzerlandwest
ukwest
uaecentral
brazilsoutheast